Canada Demographics

Population of Canada (2024)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Canada

Canada Population
39,742,430
Yearly Change
+ 1.13%
Global Share
0.49%
Global Rank

Median Age

The median age in Canada is 40.5 years (2024).

Fertility in Canada

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline

pregnant_woman Total Fertiliy Rate (TFR)
1.3
(Live Births per Woman, 2024)

Life Expectancy in Canada

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
82.7 years
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
84.9 years
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
80.5 years
(life expectancy at birth, males)

Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Canada

Infant Mortality
4.0
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
4.7
(per 1,000 live births)

Canada Urban Population

Currently, 80.2 % of the population of Canada is urban (31,863,601 people in 2024)

Population Density

The 2024 population density in Canada is 4 people per Km2 (11 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 9,093,510 Km2 (3,511,022 sq. miles).

Largest Cities in Canada

# CITY NAME POPULATION
1 Toronto 2,600,000
2 Montreal 1,762,949
3 Calgary 1,019,942
4 Edmonton 1,010,899
5 Ottawa 812,129
6 Winnipeg 749,607
7 Mississauga 668,549
8 Vancouver 600,000
9 Brampton 593,638
10 Quebec 531,902
11 Hamilton 519,949
12 Halifax 439,819
13 Laval 422,993
14 Surrey 394,976
15 Etobicoke 365,000
16 London 346,765
17 Markham 328,966
18 Vaughan 306,233
19 Okanagan 297,601
20 Victoria 289,625
21 Windsor 278,013
22 Kitchener 256,885
23 Gatineau 242,124
24 Longueuil 229,330
25 Burnaby 202,799

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigera Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

 

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio
Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.
Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio
Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.
Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio
Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.
Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.